activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

0000009174 00000 n 0000079769 00000 n farther from the epicenter of an earthquake? If you draw a circle on a map around three different seismographs where the radius of each is the distance from that station to the earthquake, the intersection of those three circles is the epicenter. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. seismogram. What about P waves? However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. 3000 miles. Nov 2, 2020 Triangulation is used to determine the location of an earthquake. We additionally manage to pay for . The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. The simulation renders three circles on a map and directs students to find the epicenter. 0000000956 00000 n P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake your answers below. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X Scientists and engineers around the globe gather data through observation and experimentation and use it to describe and understand how the world works. A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. 11 minutes elapsed between the first P wave and the last measurable surface wave. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. miles from the epicenter of an Even though the scale formulae are different, MMS retains the familiar continuum of magnitude values defined by the older scale. 0000006984 00000 n epicenter, the longer the lag time measured For purposes of this activity, the least complicated and probably most accurate approach is to just use the term "magnitude," without needing to say "on the Richter scale" or "on the moment magnitude scale." E}g7$i(=K)"aj%v]vPcYloi@X3noGX{[XucOgkdF.>Ym^fwrQf;8_Nok3w\;?n_Hhc?>k\o[%DgwJ'3d.lTqDy_aJw! Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. What is an earthquake? long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? Epicenter. The process is called triangulation. epicenter of an earthquake, how How far do S waves travel in 5 Add to FlexBook Textbook. How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter. Do you agree with this alignment? See Answer. Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. 2. from the epicenter will be 14 8. Ch Person/Attorney Filing: - Superior Court - Maricopa County - superiorcourt maricopa. First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. 9 - Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. 0000001408 00000 n In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. The USGS and its partners monitor and report earthquakes, assess earthquake impacts and hazards, and . How does the lag time change as you get farther and It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. Also called seismometer. View Notes - Locating_an_epicenter_activity from SCIENCE Earth Scie at Toms River High North. 0000005544 00000 n 2. 0000002840 00000 n Success is figuring out that the estimated magnitude is 5.9. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. 0000003254 00000 n surface wave? travel 3,000 miles. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D Also commonly termed the focus. Last updated November 26, 2013. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moment_magnitude_scale, Novak, Gary. Run through the investigation yourself and record the data, just to see how long it takes. Virtual Earthquake (tutorial/simulation) 1996. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Subjects: Earth Sciences, General Science Grades: 5th - 8th Types: Activities, Laboratory The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. determine the epicenter using the S P (S minus P) method. 0000033429 00000 n The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . (Grades 0000001533 00000 n trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream THREE SEISMOGRAMS Seismogram A - New York, NY 1 minute 1. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. 107 0 obj <>stream Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. Apr 8, 2020 One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. Thanks for your feedback! Great exercise for Regents Earth Science. The farther a station is from the This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. The distance is in kilometers. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. Millions of people witnessed the motion of the earthquake on television. HTAn =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q The farther away the epicenter is, the greater the difference . distance = travel time for S waves Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. different types of seismic waves. Cross), Give Me Liberty! inch = 500 km. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. Finding the Epicenter. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. The wavelength and frequency of a wave are related to one another by the speed of travel of the wave, which depends on the type of wave and the medium through which it is passing. Details. Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. 0000004769 00000 n Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. Earthquakes & Volcanoes Test Review Answers. After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, aqmd. PDF. For example, Divide the class into student pairs, and have them assemble at their computers with journals/paper and writing instruments. Today, most seismologists no longer follow Richter's original methodology because it does not give reliable results when applied to stronger earthquakes and it was not designed to use data from earthquakes recorded at epicentral distances greater than ~600 km. Using historical seismographs, engineers forecast the strength or magnitude of earthquakes and make predictions and determine building codes and safety protocols. use slide 6 and answer key slide 7 how can i locate the earthquake epicenter michigan web the epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle do the Three seismographs are needed. 0000010002 00000 n 74 Earthquake Activity: Locating the Epicenter and Time of Earthquake . 0000004060 00000 n Note the differences in Figure 8. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. In a concluding class discussion, have groups share their ideas about engineering and one new thing they learned about earthquakes. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. 9 - Richter magnitude scale: An earthquake measurement scale created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. 4. 0000002094 00000 n 0000001978 00000 n !5(~q* For upper grades, have students work individually, do two of the three seismic area tutorials, and look up historical earthquakes to learn their magnitudes, and make data tables or graphs with this information. to the lag time measured at this location? Continue the discussion with the following questions (or assign these questions as homework): Have student groups explore one or more of the other two regions (Southern California and Japan) provided in the Virtual Earthquake simulation. Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". (, Find the S-P interval for each seismogram and record answers in the S-P column of, Find the distance to the epicenter (in kilometers) from each recording station and record answers in Table 1. %PDF-1.3 % The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. The hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts. Now on the main page of the Earthquakes Living Lab website (see Figure 2), note the featuring of four active seismic areas and the mapping of real-time and current data from earthquakes happening around the world. 3. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Mr Gneiss. How does the Mad Scientist. The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. Choose an answer and hit 'next'. Moment magnitude scale. In this activity, the epicenter of the earthquake is in the center of Los Angeles, CA. Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. 6. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. Hand out the worksheets to the groups and direct them to read through the instructions. seismograph: An instrument that measures motions of the ground, including those of seismic waves generated by earthquakes. The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. The, amount of time that passes between the Pwave arrival and the Swave arrival is. 0000078100 00000 n Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." Question 5 of 22 4.55/ 4.55 Points Questions 5 through 11 are based on Lab Exercise #2: Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. Looking at the nomogram, students click on each location data point to see where the three lines intersect to read the estimated magnitude. 0000078169 00000 n activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter The Science of Earthquakes | U.S. Geological Survey An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one . 0000003855 00000 n Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. Sixty-seven people lost their lives, and property damage was estimated at $6 billion. 0000006538 00000 n Then do the same for the S-wave. Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. (Figure 3):. to the lag time measured at this location? d>(ZvO= In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographs from at least three different places are needed for a particular event. 0000004511 00000 n In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." Objective Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. Direct student pairs to independently complete the tutorial/simulation to find an epicenter location via the triangulation method and compute the earthquake magnitude: The simulation directs students to look at three simplified seismograms from seismic stations in Chile (Talca, Santiago, Osorno) and select the correct measurements of the S-P intervals. Use of the TeachEngineering digital library and this website constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! Using the real-world data in the living lab enables students and teachers to practice analyzing data to solve problems and answer questions, in much the same way that scientists and engineers do every day. HlRnQ?R\>BjK' minute apart, represent the passage of time 12), Seek, evaluate, and use a variety of specialized resources available from libraries, the Internet, and the community to find scientific information on Earth's history 0000001862 00000 n They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. As you read and complete the activity, take notes so you can complete the. The arrival of seismic waves will be recognized by an increase in amplitude look for a pattern change as lines get taller and more closely spaced (ex. When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . Use this information to complete the following. Alignment agreement: Step 1: ans- d) 65 seconds Ste . (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? 1. Earthquakes and Volcanoes. Material is sheared side to side, perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream P wave: The first seismic wave of an earthquake. Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. 61 33 S waves. Epicenter Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake 5. Zip. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. Make an overhead copy of each of the handouts. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Students learn about factors that engineers take into consideration when designing buildings for earthquake-prone regions. Thus technology use varies from region to region and over time. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach the, seismic station first. The epicenter of an earthquake can be found using the difference between the arrival of the Primary and Secondary waves. Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. You will receive your score and answers at the end. What was the lag time (in minutes) at this location? Finally, the location of the 3 seismographs are placed on a map and the distance to the epicenter is used to draw a circle with an origin at each seismograph and a radius equal to the distance to the epicenter as taken from each seismogram. hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Success is figuring out that the epicenter is just off the coast of Chile, where the three circles intersect. 1) Identify the general term for waves released from an earthquake. $8.25. Section A - Operator Information 1.